《中华人民共和国史稿》简明读本2025|PDF|Epub|mobi|kindle电子书版本百度云盘下载

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The Arduous Course of the Establishment of the People's Republic of China1

1．China's earliest attempts at"the working class building the state anew"2

2．"A separatist armed regime of workers and peasants" and the founding of the China Soviet Republic9

3．From a republic of workers and peasants to a democratic republic17

4．Striving for a democratic coalition government25

Chapter 1 The Birth of the People's Republic and Establishment of Socialist System39

Section 1．Finishing the Remnant Tasks of Democratic Revolution40

1．Wiping out the remnant KMT forces and the bandits on the mainland40

2．Peaceful liberation of Tibet43

3．Confiscating bureaucratic capital and establishing a state-run economy46

4．Abolishing the feudal land system47

5．Transforming social traditions50

Section 2．Consolidating the Newborn People's Regime54

1．The War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea54

2．Movement to suppress counter-revolutionary activities60

3．Movements against the"Three Evils"and"Five Evils"62

Section 3．Restoration of the National Economy on the Basis of Unifying Finance65

1．Stabilizing the price of goods65

2．Unifying financial work and economy68

3．Adjustment of industry and commerce70

4．Restoration and construction of infrastructure72

5．Recovery and development of industrial and agricultural production75

Section 4．Socialist Industrialization and Socialist Transformation Under the General Line in the Transition Period78

1．Proposal for the general line in the transition period78

2．Implementation of the First Five-year Plan and the preliminary basis for socialist industrialization81

3．Socialist transformation of agriculture and handicrafts87

4．Socialist transformation of capitalist industry and commerce91

Section 5．Establishing Socialist Political Systems and Developing Education，Science，Culture and Health94

1．Establishing the system of people's congresses94

2．New developments of the system of multi-party cooperation and political consultation99

3．Establishing the system of regional ethnic autonomy100

4．General reforms to education102

5．Advancing the cause of science106

6．Construction of ideology and culture109

7．Health and sports transformed115

Section 6．Progress in National Defense and Diplomacy118

1．Toward building a standard and modern revolutionary army118

2．Initial development of foreign relations122

3．From the Geneva Conference to the Bandung Conference125

Chapter 2 Socialist Construction Started on All Fronts130

Section 1．Starting Exploring a Road of Socialism Suited to China's Realities131

1．The starting point-"On the Ten Major Relationships"131

2．The contribution of the Eighth CPC National Congress135

3．The theory for correct handling of contradictions among the people138

4．The rectif ication movement，the anti-Rightist struggle，and their serious escalation141

Section 2．The"Great Leap Forward，"the People's Commune Movement and the Efforts to Correct"Leftist"Mistakes145

1．The"Great Leap Forward"and the People's Commune Movement145

2．The correction of"Leftist"mistakes150

3．The Lushan Meeting and the switch from correcting"Leftism"to opposing Rightists154

Section 3．The"Eight-character Policy"for Comprehensive Economic Adjustment157

1．The"Eight-character Policy"and encouragement of investigation and study157

2．The 60 Articles for Agriculture and other regulations160

3．The Seven Thousand Cadres Conference163

4．Adjustments in all fields166

5．Preliminary reform of the economic structure169

6．Getting through hard times by self-reliance and hard work170

Section 4．Economic Adjustment Accomplished，Yet"Leftist"Errors Not Corrected175

1．The First Session of the Third NPC and completion of national economic adjustment175

2．The Third Five-year Plan and spread of"third line"construction177

3．Re-emphasizing class struggle179

4．Urban and rural socialist education movement181

5．Overdone political criticism in the field of ideology184

Section 5．Achievements in All Fields During 1956-1965186

1．Remarkable achievements in economic construction186

2．Breakthrough in science and technology189

3．Culture，education，health and sports developing as their foundations laid192

4．Progress in ethnic affairs while defending national unity197

5．Progress in national defense and army construction200

6．Independent foreign policy of peace206

Chapter 3 Ten Years of"Cultural Revolution"214

Section 1．The Launching of the"Cultural Revolution"and the Struggles Against Its Mistakes215

1．The cause and detonating fuse of the"Cultural Revolution"215

2．The all-round launching of the"Cultural Revolution"217

3．"January power seizure"in Shanghai，and turmoil engulfing China220

4．The Party and the people resisting ultra-Left mistakes224

Section 2．Preparing for the Fourth NPC amid the Struggle with Lin Biao and Jiang Qing Groups226

1．Establishment of revolutionary committees at all levels226

2．The struggle to crush the scheme of Lin Biao counter-revolutionary group227

3．Reversing"February adverse current"judgments，and criticisms of ultra-Left trend of thought229

4．Jiang Qing's scheme to"form the cabinet"frustrated and the Fourth NPC convened234

Section 3．Development of the Socialist Cause Despite the Damage Sustained236

1．Preliminary construction of an independent and relatively comprehen-sive industrial and economic system236

2．Improved conditions for farm output，and slow development of rural economy242

3．Education，culture，health and the people's livelihood245

4．Opposing hegemony，opening a new situation in diplomacy248

Section 4．The Ending of the"Cultural Revolution"254

1．Deng Xiaoping taking charge of reorganization in 1975254

2．The movement of"Counter-attacking the Rightist Trend of Reversing Verdicts"259

3．Crushing the"Gang of Four"261

4．Historical lessons learnt from the"Cultural Revolution"265

Chapter 4 The Great Historic Turn and the Start of Reform and Opening Up271

Section 1．Setting Things Right and a Great Historic Turn272

1．Initial results of setting things right，and recovery of the economy272

2．Great debate on the criterion for truth277

3．The Third Plenary Session of the 11 th CPC Central Committee279

4．The Resolution on Certain Questions in the History of Our Party Since the Founding of the People's Republic of China283

Section 2．Adjustment and Structural Reform of the Economy287

1．The adjustment-centered"Eight-character Policy"287

2．Breakthroughs in rural reform，and rural economy growing fast292

3．Experiments and exploration in urban economic structural reform299

4．Opening up to the outside world taking initial shape306

Section 3．Political Structural Reform and Development of Democracy and Legal System311

1．Initial steps in political structural reform311

2．A new Constitution and the First Session of the Sixth NPC315

3．A severe crack-down on crime319

4．The proposal and practice of"one country，two systems"320

5．General objectives for national defense and army construction323

Section 4．Development of Socialist Culture and Ethics329

1．Building a socialist civilization that is culturally and ideologically advanced，the initiative and practice329

2．Development of education，science and culture331

3．The struggle against bourgeois liberalization335

Section 5．Opening Up a New Situation of Independent and Peaceful Diplomacy338

1．The tortuous development of China-US relations338

2．Growing détente in Sino-Soviet relations340

3．All-round development of friendly relations with foreign countries342

Section 6．The Proposition and Exploration of"Building Socialism with Chinese Characteristics"346

1．The 12th CPC National Congress and the proposal to"build socialism with Chinese characteristics"346

2．The Sixth Five-year Plan352

3．The Third Plenary Session of the 12th CPC Central Committee，and its Decision on Reform of the Economic Structure355