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Chapter 1 Introduction1

1．What is functional grammar?1

2．Why this functional grammar?2

3．Using the workbook3

4．Getting started with text analysis5

5．Constituency:functional and class units7

6．Reasoning in a functional grammar10

7．Paradigms as system networks13

8．Choice and constituency16

9．Learning to use IFG19

Chapter 2 Theme—clause as message21

1．Orientation21

1.1 Reading guide to IFG21

1.2 Characterisation of Theme21

1.3 Thematic development within a text22

2．Survey of options22

2.1 Ideational(topical)Theme24

2.2 Interpersonal Theme25

2.3 Textual Theme25

2.4 Summary of types of Theme26

2.5 Extending the thematic principle beyond the clause27

3．Troubleshooting28

3.1 Picking out the unit of analysis28

3.2 Identifying the Theme28

3.3 Identifying the metafunction29

3.4 Subject it as unmarked topical Theme32

3.5 There's a...:'Existental'clauses35

3.6 Recognising longer Theme units35

3.7 'Hypotactic'clause as Theme37

4．Analysis practice38

4.1 Phase Ⅰ38

4.2 Phase Ⅱ40

4.3 Phase Ⅲ47

5．Review and contextualisation52

5.1 Defining Theme52

5.2 The location of THEME within the grammatical resources of English52

5.3 Theme and Metafunction53

5.4 Theme and Mood54

Further reading54

Chapter 3 Mood—clause as exchange56

1．Orientation56

1.1 Reading guide to IFG56

1.2 Characterisation of Mood56

2．Survey of options59

2.1 Basic MOOD types60

2.2 Overall interpersonal organisation of the clause60

2.3 Interpersonal grammatical metaphor67

3．Troubleshooting69

3.1 The unit of analysis69

3.2 Identifying structural elements70

3.3 Ambiguous mood type75

3.4 Ambiguous polarity76

4．Analysis practice77

4.1 Phase Ⅰ77

4.2 Phase Ⅱ82

4.3 Phase Ⅲ89

5．Review and contextualisation93

5.1 Locating MOOD93

5.2 Interpersonal structure95

5.3 Interpersonal structure and textual structure95

Further reading96

Chapter 4 Transitivity—clause as representation98

1．Orientation98

1.1 Reading guide to IFG98

1.2 Characterisation of TRANSITIVITY98

2．Survey of options100

2.1 Material clauses102

2.2 Mental clauses103

2.3 Relational clauses104

2.4 Verbal clauses106

2.5 Behavioural clauses:between material and mental/verbal107

2.6 Existential clauses108

2.7 Additional Agents108

2.8 Ergative interpretation109

3．Troubleshooting112

3.1 A topology of processes112

3.2 General probes helpful in analysing for TRANSITIVITY113

3.3 One process or two?114

3.4 Material clauses115

3.5 Mentml clauses118

3.6 Relational clauses120

3.7 Verbal clauses124

3.8 Behavioural clauses125

3.9 Discriminating circumstance type126

3.10 Distinguishing between circumstances and other elements126

4．Analysis practice130

4.1 Phase Ⅰ130

4.2 PhaseⅡ137

4.3 Phase Ⅲ146

5．Review and contextualisation153

5.1 The clause as experiential construct153

5.2 Ergative perspective155

5.3 Relation to other metafunctions155

Further reading159

Chapter 5 Group and phrase—below the clause161

1．Orientation161

1.1 Reading guide to IFG161

1.2 Characterisation of groups/phrases161

2．Survey of options165

2.1 Nominal group165

2.2 Verbal group171

2.3 Other groups182

2.4 Prepositional phrase183

3．Troubleshooting185

3.1 Identifying groups/phrases185

3.2 Assigning a function to a word in a group186

3.3 Different meanings for prepositions196

3.4 Assigning a function to a phrase or a clause:ranking or embedded?198

4．Analysis practice200

4.1 Nominal group201

4.2 Verbal group212

4.3 Adverbial group ＆ Prepositional phrase224

5．Review and contextualisation224

5.1 Locating groups ＆ phrases:rank and metafunction224

5.2 Nominal group225

5.3 Verbal group226

5.4 Prepositional phrase226

Further reading227

Chapter 6 The clause complex—above the clause229

1．Orientation229

1.1 Reading guide to IFG229

1.2 Characterisation of clause complex229

2．Survey of options231

2.1 TAXIS231

2.2 Logico-semantic type234

2.3 Summary of clause complex relations237

3．Troubleshooting238

3.1 Procedure for analysis238

3.2 Picking out the unit of analysis238

3.3 Complexing vs.embedding242

3.4 Parataxis or hypotaxis?247

3.5 Identifying the logico-semantic relation248

3.6 How many'layers'to the clause complex?250

3.7 Implicit clause complex relations251

3.8 Projection251

3.9 'Surfacing'from an embedding252

4．Analysis practice253

4.1 Phase Ⅰ253

4.2 Phase Ⅱ259

4.3 Phase Ⅲ265

5．Review and contextualisation268

5.1 Review268

5.2 Relations between clauses270

Further reading271

Chapter 7 Text analysis272

1．Orientation272

1.1 Reading guide to IFG272

1.2 Characterisation of text analysis272

2．Grammar and beyond274

2.1 Theme and information flow276

2.2 Clause complexing and conjunction278

2.3 Transitivity and ideation283

2.4 Nominal groups,ideation and identification284

2.5 Periodicity and appraisal288

2.6 Deixis and multimodality291

3．Text analysis cartography293

References299

Index303