汽车碰撞头部损伤生物力学 英文版2025|PDF|Epub|mobi|kindle电子书版本百度云盘下载

汽车碰撞头部损伤生物力学 英文版PDF格式电子书版下载

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Chapter 1 Methods in Injury Biomechanics1

1.1 Statistics,field studies,databases1

1.2 Injury criteria,injury scales and injury risk5

1.3 Basic technical definitions and accident reconstruction8

1.4 Experimental models13

1.5 Standardized test procedures18

1.6 Numerical methods30

Reference34

Chapter 2 Head Injuries36

2.1 Anatomy of the head36

2.2 Injuries and injury mechanisms38

2.3 Mechanical response of the head42

2.4 Injury criteria for head injuries46

2.4.1 Head Injury Criterion(HIC)46

2.4.2 Head Protection Criterion(HPC)47

2.4.3 3 ms criterion48

2.5 Head injuries in sports48

2.6 Head injury prevention51

Reference53

Chapter 3 Development of a Finite Element Head Model for the Study of Impact Head Injury55

3.1 Segmentation56

3.2 Models description61

3.3 Mesh development63

3.4 Material properties65

Reference67

Chapter 4 Validation of the New 3D Finite Element Head Model71

4.1 Methods and materials71

4.1.1 Interface conditions in the models71

4.1.2 Nahum et al.'s experimental impacts72

4.1.3 Trosseille et al.'s experimental impacts72

4.1.4 Hardy et al.'s experimental impacts73

4.2 Results and discussion74

4.2.1 Impact force and intracranial acceleration response75

4.2.2 The intracranial pressure(ICP)76

4.2.3 The maximum von Mises stress in the brain78

4.2.4 The maximum principal stress in the skull79

4.2.5 Brain motion80

4.2.6 Selected future improvement83

4.3 Pedestrian accident reconstruction83

4.3.1 Collision model development83

4.3.2 Simulation result and analysis84

4.4 Conclusions86

Reference87

Chapter 5 Modal and Dynamic Responses of the Human Head-neck Complex for Impact Applications89

5.1 Introduction89

5.2 Modal analysis of the finite element model91

5.2.1 Governing equation and finite element method91

5.2.2 Development of the 3D finite element head-neck model(FEHM)92

5.2.3 Validation of the 3D finite element head-neck model94

5.2.4 Frequency spectrum of the human head-neck complex95

5.3 Discussion98

5.3.1 Comparison of fundamental frequency99

5.3.2 Effect of damping on resonant frequencies and biomechanical responses100

5.3.3 Comparison of mode shapes104

5.3.4 Limitations104

5.4 Summary105

Reference105

Chapter 6 Biomechanical Study of the Facial Impact on Pedestrian Traumatic Brain Injury108

6.1 Introduction108

6.2 Materials and methods110

6.2.1 Boundary,loading and contactconditions110

6.2.2 Result evaluation111

6.3 Results112

6.3.1 Stress wave propagation and facial fractures112

6.3.2 Intracranial biomechanical parameters124

6.4 Discussion128

6.5 Summary130

Reference130

Chapter 7 Whiplash Injury134

7.1 Anatomy of the spine135

7.2 Injury mechanisms136

7.3 Biomechanical response and tolerances141

7.4 Injury criteria143

7.5 Correlating neck injury criteria to the injury risk144

7.6 Prevention of soft tissue neck injury146

7.6.1 Head restraint geometry and padding material147

7.6.2 Controlling head restraint position149

7.6.3 Controlling seat back motion150

Reference151

Chapter 8 Brain Dynamic Responses Due to Wave Propagation156

8.1 Introduction156

8.2 Methods and materials158

8.2.1 Finite element method(FEM)158

8.2.2 Material properties159

8.2.3 Boundary conditions160

8.2.4 Contact and fluid-structure interaction(FSI)160

8.3 Results and discussion161

8.3.1 Intracranial pressures(ICP)161

8.3.2 Skull stress162

8.3.3 Evaluation on different faceshield configuration164

8.3.4 Discussion166

8.4 Conclusions167

Reference168

Chapter 9 Conclusions and Recommendations169

9.1 Validation against three cadaveric experimental data169

9.2 Modal and dynamic responses170

9.3 Biomechanical study of the facial impact170

9.4 Whiplash neck injury171

9.5 Head injury due to concomitant wave172

9.6 Recommendation for future work173

Reference173